Key Economic Insights: The economy of Turkey (Turkiye) generates an estimated GDP of $1.32 trillion ($15,473 per capita) supporting a population of 85.8 million. Productive output is anchored by 60.7% services, 32.3% industry and manufacturing, and 6.8% agriculture and natural resource extraction. Key merchandise exports include Manufactured goods, mineral resources, and agricultural commodities, directed primarily toward Global and regional trade partners.
As of 2024, Turkey has a GDP of about $1.32 trillion, ranking 17th globally (World Bank). In terms of GDP per capita, Turkey stands at approximately $15,473.
Turkey’s economic position reflects its significant contributions to various industries and its growing presence in the global market, positioning it as a key player in the region.
Turkey (Turkiye) Economic Structure & Sector Analysis
| Economic Dimension | Official Indicator (2024–2026) | Authoritative Source |
|---|---|---|
| GDP & Macro Output | Nominal GDP: $1.32 trillion | Per Capita: $15,473 | World Bank WDI / IMF |
| Sector Breakdown | Services: 60.7% | Industry: 32.3% | Agriculture: 6.8% | World Bank National Accounts |
| Trade & Commodities | Top Exports: Manufactured goods, mineral resources, and agricultural commodities (Total: $39 billion) | UN Comtrade / OEC |
| Demographics & Labor | Population: Official Census Tracked | Distributed workforce across formal & primary sectors | ILO / UN Population Division |
| Strategic Trade Corridors | Leading Trade Partners: Global and regional trade partners | World Bank WITS / IMF DOTS |
- Primary activities: 6.8% of GDP.
- Secondary activities: 32.3% of GDP.
- Tertiary activities: 60.7% of GDP.
Primary Sector of Turkey (Turkiye)
With 49.49% of the land dedicated to agriculture, the country produces a variety of crops and animal products. The main agricultural products include milk, wheat, sugar beets, tomatoes, barley, maize, potatoes, apples, grapes, and watermelons.
Despite contributing only 6.8% to the GDP, agriculture plays a crucial role in providing employment and sustaining rural livelihoods. The wide range of agricultural products highlights the sector’s significance in ensuring food security and promoting economic stability in Turkey.
With its diverse geological landscape, the primary sector thrives in Turkey. Abundant in resources like coal, iron ore, and copper, it fuels the economy. Other key resources include gold, marble, and hydropower, supporting various industries and agriculture. The country’s rich natural endowments drive growth and development in the primary sector.Secondary Sector of Turkey (Turkiye)
In Turkey, industrial products include textiles, food processing, automobiles, electronics, coal, chromate, copper, boron, steel, petroleum, construction materials, lumber, and paper.Manufactures play a crucial role in Turkey’s total exports, accounting for 73.25% in 2023. They drive economic growth, create jobs, and contribute significantly to the country’s trade balance.Tertiary sector of Turkey (Turkiye)
Military Activities and Economic Sectors of Turkey (Turkiye)
In Turkey, the primary sector helps by providing resources needed for military use. The secondary sector is important too, as it manufactures weapons and equipment. The tertiary sector includes services like logistics and training. The quaternary sector focuses on research and development, while the quinary sector involves high-level decision-making and strategy planning.
As of 2024, Turkey’s military expenditure was about 25 billion US dollars, roughly 1.9% of its GDP (SIPRI). The country has an active military force of around 355,000 personnel, about 4 active members for every 1,000 people.
Biggest company in Turkey (Turkiye)
Which is the biggest company in Turkey? As of 2025, one of the largest Turkish companies by market capitalization is Aselsan (Aselsan Elektronik Sanayi ve Ticaret A.Ş.), with a market value of roughly $39 billion. It is a defense electronics manufacturer, part of the Secondary economic sector, and was founded in 1975.International Trade of Turkey (Turkiye)
Import Activities of Turkey (Turkiye)
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As of 2024, Turkey’s imports totaled about $344 billion (roughly 26% of GDP), according to TurkStat.Turkey’s key import partners are China, Germany, Russia, the US, and Italy. The country primarily imports gold, refined petroleum, plastics, scrap iron, and cars. These imports play a crucial role in driving Turkey’s economy and meeting the demands of its industries.Exports Activities of Turkey (Turkiye)
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As of 2024, Turkey’s exports totaled a record $262 billion (about 20% of GDP), underscoring the crucial role exports play in Turkey’s economy.Turkey’s export activities are diverse, with top partners like Germany, the US, Iraq, the UK, and Italy. Key export commodities include garments, refined petroleum, cars, jewelry, and plastic products.Turkey (Turkiye) economy challenges in 2024
In 2024, Turkey faces challenges of stabilizing its economy after inflation and currency depreciation. The reversal of expansionary policies is underway, aiming to address these issues. The country’s industrialization and agricultural base provide a foundation for recovery.Sources
- World Bank: Türkiye Data
- CIA World Factbook: Turkey (Türkiye)
- IMF: Türkiye Country Profile
- UN Comtrade Plus: Trade Flow
Last updated: August 2026
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