Argentina and Mexico Economies: A Side-by-Side Table Comparison

In comparing Argentina and Mexico, we see distinct contrasts: Mexico’s population is about 2.75 times larger, but Argentina covers 1.42 times more land. Economically, Mexico’s GDP is over twice that of Argentina, yet Argentinians enjoy a higher GDP per capita. Mexico faces greater income inequality and allocates more to military spending, while Argentina relies heavily on agricultural exports, contrasting with Mexico’s tech-driven trade.

Basic Indicators

Indicator	Argentina	Mexico	Comparison
Population source (2022 data), updated 2024	46.23 million (32nd)	127.50 million (10th)	Mexico’s population is approximately 2.75 times larger than Argentina’s.
Surface area (sq. km) source (2022 data), updated 2024	2.78 million sq. km (8th)	1.96 million sq. km (13th)	Argentina is 1.42 times larger than Mexico.
GDP source (2022 data), updated 2024	631.13B USD (22nd)	1,465.85B USD (14th)	Mexico’s total GDP is approximately 2.32 times larger than Argentina’s.
GDP per capita source (2022 data), updated 2024	$13,651 (64th)	11,497 USD (71st)	Argentina’s GDP per capita is roughly 18.5% higher than Mexico’s, with Argentinians producing about $1,654 more per person annually.

Economic Indexes

Index	Argentina	Mexico	Comparison
HDI (Human Development Index) source (2022 data), updated 2024	0.849 (48th)	0.781 (73rd)	Argentina’s HDI is 0.849 (high), while Mexico’s is 0.781 (medium). Argentina’s score is 0.068 higher, indicating better human development overall.
Index of Economic Freedom source (2024 data)	49.9 (132nd)	62 (61st)	Argentina’s Index of Economic Freedom is 19.1% lower than Mexico’s, 12.1 points less.
GINI source (2022 data), updated 2024	42 (2021 est.)	45.4 (2020 est.)	With a 8.57% higher Gini coefficient, Mexico has a higher degree of income inequality than Argentina.

International trade _{source(2023 data), updated 2024}

Indicator	Argentina	Mexico
Total imports	92.57B USD	673.83B
Imports % of GDP	15.35%	45.47%
Main import partners	China 21%, Brazil 20%, US 14%, Germany 3%, Paraguay 2%	US 56%, China 17%, Germany 3%, South Korea 3%, Japan 2%
Main import items	refined petroleum, vehicle parts/accessories, natural gas, fertilizers, cars	refined petroleum, vehicle parts/accessories, machine parts, integrated circuits, natural gas
Total exports	83.36B USD	649.31B
Exports % of GDP	16.30%	42.64%
Main export Partners	Brazil 15%, China 9%, US 8%, Chile 6%, India 5%	US 77%, Canada 4%, China 2%, Taiwan 1%, South Korea 1%
Main export items	soybean meal, corn, soybean oil, wheat, trucks	cars, computers, vehicle parts/accessories, crude petroleum, trucks

Argentina’s imports are about 14% of Mexico’s, and Argentina imports 30% less of its GDP compared to Mexico. Argentina’s exports are just 13% of Mexico’s, focusing on agricultural goods, while Mexico’s are tech and vehicles, making them more advanced.

Military Power _{source (2023 data), updated 2024}

Indicator	Argentina	Mexico
Military expenditure	3.1B USD	11.8B USD
Military expenditure (% of GDP)	0.41%	0.61%
Active military	72k	216k
Active military per 1,000 capita	2.3	3.3

Argentina’s military expenditure is significantly lower at $3.12 billion, accounting for only 0.41% of its GDP, while Mexico spends $11.83 billion, representing 0.61% of its GDP, indicating that Mexico allocates a larger budget and a higher percentage of its economy to defense compared to Argentina.